A small device called an MCB protects you and your home from electrical damage. This breaker protects you from two situations, first is short circuit and second is overload conditions. In case of short circuit the MCB trips in less than 3 milliseconds and isolates the internal connections. Let us see how this smart device detects the increased current so quickly and accurately.
Full Form Of MCB
MCB full form is a Miniature Circuit Breaker.
MCB Working principle
Fuses were used in earlier times. The wire with the lowest melting point was used so that the wire would melt due to overload and the home appliances would be spared.
MCB is an instrument for turning on and off an electro-mechanical circuit. It is also used in place of fuses. When the current flowing in the circuit exceeds its prescribed value by 25%, the MCB trips the circuit, e.g. If a 15 Amp circuit is fitted with a 15 Amp MCB and for some reason the current in the circuit is 18.75 Amp, at the same time it trips the circuit and protects the circuit from overload.
So that the instrument also stops being damaged. Thus MCB works in two ways. The circuit is turned on and off under normal circumstances (ON and OFF) and prevents damage to the equipment during overload as well as short circuit. This MCB can be reset means resumed in the circuit.
Thus MCB is an ash trip free automatic switching device to the extent of safety of current with thermal and magnetic high fault capacity. There are two types of operations. Thermal operation and magnetic Hamer trip type operation can occur. Which conveniently protects the device against overload and short circuit.
A circuit breaker is an automatic on-off mechanical that keeps the wire stable on the other side and moves it to the other side. The circuit opens during an electric fault. The MCB design works this way.
It activates the triggering mechanism from the electric fault sensing elements.
Types OF MCB
There are 5 types of MCB
- B type
- C type
- D type
- K type
- Z type
Working of MCB types
EX. 10 ampere MCB
| NO. | MCB types | Example of MCB | Tripping Current | Operating Time |
| 1 | B type | 10 Ampere | 3 to 5 times the of full load current (If there is more than 3-5 current flow then it will trip MCB) | 0.04 to 1 sec (it will trip MCB on time) |
| 2 | C type | 10 Ampere | 5 to 10 times the of full load current (If there is more than 3-5 current flow then it will trip MCB) | 0.04 to 5 sec (it will trip MCB on time) |
| 3 | D type | 10 Ampere | 10 to 30 times the of full load current (If there is more than 3-5 current flow then it will trip MCB) | 0.04 to 3 sec (it will trip MCB on time) |
| 4 | K type | 10 Ampere | 8 to 12 times the of full load current (If there is more than 3-5 current flow then it will trip MCB) | <0.01 (it will trip MCB on time) |
| 5 | Z type | 10 Ampere | 2 to 3 times the of full load current (If there is more than 3-5 current flow then it will trip MCB) | <0.01 (it will trip MCB on time) |
MCB Uses
There are two types of MCB.
L Series MCB: This is especially used for lighting circuits and for uniformly flowing circuits
E. X. Also used in lighting circuits, heaters, ovens, Geyser, GLS lamps, electric ironing, distribution boards.
G series MCB: Used in circuits where current fluctuates and fluctuates. It is especially used in inductive rolled circuits.
E. X. Used for motor circuit, air conditioner, transformer, halogen lamp, machine tools etc.
Circuit Diagram And Symbol Photos
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